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FACTS
ABOUT YEMEN |
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ABOUT THE COUNTRY
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ABOUT THE COUNTRY |
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COUNTRY NAME:conventional long form: Republic of
Yemen |
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LOCATION: Middle East; The country is situated on the strategically important south
west part of the Arabian Peninsula. It borders the Arabian Sea,
Gulf of Aden, the Red Sea and lies between Oman and Saudi
Arabia. |
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THE CAPITAL: Sana'a (population 2 mil.), other big cities: Taizz, Aden, Al Mukalla, Al Hudaida BORDER COUNTRIES: Saudi Arabia (1458 km) and Oman (288 km) BRANCHES/LEGISLATIVE: Executive, Prime minister with Cabinet Bicameral Legislative Assembly with 111 seats, Shura Council and 301 seats in Parliament |
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ABOUT PEOPLE |
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POPULATION: 20 millions |
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LABOUR FORCE: most of the people are employed in agriculture and herding; services, construction and commerce account for less than one fourth of the labour force. UNEMPLOYMENT RATE: 30 % MILITARY BRANCHES: Army (includes Special Forces, established in 1999), Navy, Air Force, Air Defence Forces, Republican Guard. The military service is professional. |
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ABOUT ECONOMY |
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NATURAL RESOURCES: oil, fish, rock salt, marble, small deposits of coal, gold, lead, nickel and copper, fertile soil. INDUSTRIES: crude oil production and petroleum refining, fisheries, livestock, agricultural products, cotton, coffee, small scale production of cotton textiles and leather goods, food processing, handicrafts, small aluminium products factories, cement.
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IMPORT COMMODITIES: food, animals, machinery and equipment, chemicals; import partners: Saudi Arabia, UAE, China and France. |
TRANSPORT |
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LAND ROUTES: Yemen has a big network of paved roads connecting all the principal cities and most of the secondary ones. There are several public and private corporations providing high quality land transport. PORTS AND HARBORS: Aden, Al Hudaida, Al Mukalla, As Salif, Ras Issa, Mokha, Nishtun. RAILWAYS: none AIRPORTS: Yemen has 12 airports. Yemenia provide flights between the cities. |
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GEOGRAPHY |
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TERRAIN: Topography of Yemen is very variable. Both, narrow coastal plain, parallel to Red Sea called Tihama (western mountains:NW-SW) and the plain along the Arabic sea (eastern and southern mountains: SW-SE) are backed by flat-topped hills and rugged mountains. Dissected upland desert plains in centre slope into the desert interior of the Arabian Peninsula called Ar Ruba'-al-Khali. Among the desert and SE mountains lies the complex of wadis called Hadramawt. SEAS: In the south: Arabic sea, on the east: Red sea. Both seas
stitch together in the strait Bab al Mandab. |
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CLIMATE: Yemen lies in the Sahel belt and shares many features with African countries at around same latitude. It's because of high mountain ridges laying parallel to the coast and trapping the moisture from winds blowing in from the nearby seas, that the country does not suffer the lack of water. As a result Yemen is one of the most arable spots on Arabian Peninsula. Because of extensively variable topography Yemen has several distinct climate regions. |
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The hot lands of Tihama are characterised by hot and humid
climate year round. The rainfall is scanty with most rains
between late July and September, while during the rest of the
year only occasional showers appear. |
To the east and north the rains become less frequent,
ceasing altogether in the northern central parts of the country
where the stony semi deserts gradually turn into sandy deserts
of Ar-Ruba'al-Khali with desert climate. Where today only
grasses and shrubs survive was in the past enough water to
sustain entire civilisations. |
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FLORA AND FAUNA |
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Intensive agriculture and hunting during last centuries decreased the natural vegetation and fauna. Today Yemen accounts for about 3000 plant species, among them are 300 endemic, 85 mammals, 400 birds and over 100 reptile species. However, the island of Soqotra has its own, unique flora and fauna. FLORA: |
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FAUNA: |
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